- 1. Pro: Maintaining professional distance helps managers make unbiased decisions and avoid favoritism.
Harvard Business Review: [Managerial Objectivity]
https://www.sigmaassessmentsystems.com/objectivity/ - 2. Con: Close relationships between managers and subordinates can foster trust, open communication, and a positive work environment.
SHRM: [Building Trust]
https://www.shrm.org/topics-tools/news/managing-smart/building-trust-manager - 3. Unsure: The ideal level of manager-subordinate interaction varies depending on individual personalities and organizational culture.
Forbes: [Leadership Styles]
https://online.hbs.edu/blog/post/organizational-culture-and-leadership - 4. Pro: Professional distance can prevent conflicts of interest and ensure that evaluations and promotions are based on merit.
Business News Daily: [Merit-Based Promotion]
https://www.businessnewsdaily.com/16303-merit-pay-increase.html - 5. Con: Too much distance can lead to a lack of rapport and engagement, making employees feel undervalued and disconnected.
Gallup: [Employee Engagement]
https://www.gallup.com/workplace/285674/improve-employee-engagement-workplace.aspx - 6. Unsure: The balance between maintaining distance and being approachable is crucial for effective management and varies by context.
[Effective Management]
https://www.insightexecutivesearch.com/approachable-leadership-key-to-organizational-success/ - 7. Pro: Keeping a respectful distance helps managers uphold professional boundaries and prevent inappropriate relationships.
American Management Association (AMA): [Professional Boundaries]
https://www.amanet.org/articles/the-skills-managers-need-to-fix-the-digital-workplace/ - 8. Con: Close working relationships can enhance collaboration and innovation by fostering a more cohesive team.
Harvard Business Review: [Collaboration and Innovation]
https://executive.berkeley.edu/thought-leadership/blog/teams-collaborate-innovate - 9. Unsure: The appropriate level of manager-subordinate interaction is contextdependent and should be tailored to specific organizational needs.
MIT Sloan Management Review: [Contextual Leadership]
https://sloanreview.mit.edu/article/leading-change-means-changing-how-you-lead/